Water bugs and cockroaches are easy to confuse, especially if you prefer to keep your distance from household insects. However, knowing the difference between the two can help homeowners make informed decisions for pest control.
Read on to learn how to identify the two types of bugs.
Water Bug Vs. Cockroach Habitats & Diets
There are almost 200 known species of water bugs scattered across the world. Most species live in freshwater lakes, ponds, rivers, marshes, and streams. Depending on the species, water bugs may prefer slow-moving versus fast-moving waters.
Water bugs tend to spend most of their life cycle underwater, only taking brief flights out of the water to migrate or mate. They use their oar-like hind legs to swim swiftly underwater. Most species can stay submerged for up to 45 minutes. If you find large roach-like insects crawling in and out of a backyard pond or lake, it is almost certainly a water bug and not a cockroach.
Cockroaches prefer dark, damp places like basements and under cabinets. While cockroaches need fresh water to survive and thrive, you won’t find them willingly entering standing water.
In terms of diet, cockroaches, being the ultimate scavengers, will devour almost anything organic that comes across its path. Water bugs have a more limited diet centered around small fish, tadpoles, aquatic insects, and other small aquatic creatures. Water bugs grasp prey with their front legs and insert a needle-like mouth part to suck out bodily fluids.
Physical Differences Between Water Bugs and Cockroaches
Cockroaches can be dangerous compared to other bugs, particularly those classified as household pests because they are vectors of serious diseases like dysentery. However, water bugs can deliver a very painful bite. It is, therefore, helpful to know how to distinguish them from cockroaches.
In terms of size, water bugs are almost identical to that of an American cockroach. Compared to smaller household roaches like German or brown-banded cockroaches, the water bug is significantly larger. The smallest water bugs measure around 1.5 to 1.6 inches long.
Like cockroaches, true water bugs have an oval-shaped body. However, they have a relatively flattened appearance compared to stouter terrestrial roaches.
Depending on the species, water bugs range from brown, olive, or black.
The most common types of cockroach tend to range from amber to reddish-brown.
Behavioral Differences Between Water Bugs and Cockroaches
Beyond external appearance, water bugs and cockroaches live and behave differently. So, you can usually distinguish the two from a distance just by observing where they are and how they act.
Cockroaches are mainly nocturnal and avoid light, especially in open areas.
Water bugs tend to be active at night and are often attracted to lights, especially near water. This is why they are sometimes called electric light bugs. During the day, water bugs usually rest underwater or hidden among plants at the water’s edge looking for food and shelter.
Water bugs can deliver a painful bite when threatened or provoked. Their bite is often described as feeling like a pinprick or bee sting. Water bug bites rarely cause any notable health issues in humans beyond temporary pain and irritation.
Cockroach bites, on the other hand, are very rare because these insects do their best to avoid direct contact with humans. On the rare occasion, a cockroach does bite, it is unlikely to break the skin or cause any real harm.
So, Is Water Bug Vs. Cockroach Identification Important?
Properly identifying whether an insect is a cockroach or water bug is highly important for homeowners. With their stark differences in habitat and behavior, water bugs and cockroaches are clearly distinguishable insects. Awareness of these key identifiers will help homeowners respond appropriately if they encounter either pest around their home.
Water bugs, while intimidating in appearance, are not considered household pests or threats to human health. Oftentimes, the best course of action for water bugs is just to leave them alone or gently remove them from indoor areas and allow them to return outdoors.
Cockroaches, on the other hand, can rapidly multiply, contaminate food and transmit diseases if left unchecked. Homeowners should never tolerate cockroach infestations and must take proper control measures.
Cockroach traps, cockroach repellents, and other various types of cockroach killers are excellent products to jumpstart your DIY pest control efforts.
That said, I recommend consulting a pest control professional if you are unsure whether water bugs or cockroaches are invading your property. It is worth the cost of hiring a cockroach exterminator who can positively identify insects and recommend appropriate solutions to eliminate them if necessary.
FAQs About Water Bugs
Can water bugs live indoors?
Water bugs require constant access to fresh water to survive. They cannot establish indoor populations far from plumbing leaks or other water sources. However, individual water bugs may wander indoors at night attracted to lights.
Where did water bugs get their name?
Water bugs are naturally water-loving insects, living and feeding in fresh water year-round. Ths habit earned them their name. Other nicknames for water bugs are giant water bug, electric light bug, and toe-biter. The scientific classification for the common water bug is Lethocerus americanus, and they belong to the order Hemiptera.
Do water bugs carry disease?
Unlike cockroaches, water bugs do not spread human pathogens or pose major health risks. Their bites can be painful but are very unlikely to cause any notable health effects.
What attracts water bugs into a home?
Water bugs end up indoors by accident, either following lights at night or carried in by pets. They cannot breed or survive for long inside without fresh water. Fixing exterior lighting and sealing cracks are the best ways to keep water bugs from entering.
Will pest control kill water bugs?
Yes, pest control companies have treatment options that will kill water bugs. However, given water bugs do not multiply indoors, it is often unnecessary. Simply sweeping them back outdoors is the easiest and most environmentally friendly solution.
Are water bugs harder to kill than cockroaches?
Water bugs are no more difficult to kill than cockroaches when insecticides are applied properly. However, water bugs may return to indoor areas as long as they have an adequate freshwater habitat outdoors nearby.
